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#! /usr/bin/python3 # @lint-avoid-python-3-compatibility-imports # # dcsnoop Trace directory entry cache (dcache) lookups. # For Linux, uses BCC, eBPF. Embedded C. # # USAGE: dcsnoop [-h] [-a] # # By default, this traces every failed dcache lookup, and shows the process # performing the lookup and the filename requested. A -a option can be used # to show all lookups, not just failed ones. # # This uses kernel dynamic tracing of the d_lookup() function, and will need # to be modified to match kernel changes. # # Also see dcstat(8), for per-second summaries. # # Copyright 2016 Netflix, Inc. # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License") # # 09-Feb-2016 Brendan Gregg Created this. from __future__ import print_function from bcc import BPF import argparse import re import time # arguments examples = """examples: ./dcsnoop # trace failed dcache lookups ./dcsnoop -a # trace all dcache lookups """ parser = argparse.ArgumentParser( description="Trace directory entry cache (dcache) lookups", formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter, epilog=examples) parser.add_argument("-a", "--all", action="store_true", help="trace all lookups (default is fails only)") parser.add_argument("--ebpf", action="store_true", help=argparse.SUPPRESS) args = parser.parse_args() # define BPF program bpf_text = """ #include <uapi/linux/ptrace.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #define MAX_FILE_LEN 64 enum lookup_type { LOOKUP_MISS, LOOKUP_REFERENCE, }; struct entry_t { char name[MAX_FILE_LEN]; }; BPF_HASH(entrybypid, u32, struct entry_t); struct data_t { u32 pid; enum lookup_type type; char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN]; char filename[MAX_FILE_LEN]; }; BPF_PERF_OUTPUT(events); /* from fs/namei.c: */ struct nameidata { struct path path; struct qstr last; // [...] }; static inline void submit_event(struct pt_regs *ctx, void *name, int type, u32 pid) { struct data_t data = { .pid = pid, .type = type, }; bpf_get_current_comm(&data.comm, sizeof(data.comm)); bpf_probe_read_kernel(&data.filename, sizeof(data.filename), name); events.perf_submit(ctx, &data, sizeof(data)); } int trace_fast(struct pt_regs *ctx, struct nameidata *nd, struct path *path) { u32 pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid() >> 32; submit_event(ctx, (void *)nd->last.name, LOOKUP_REFERENCE, pid); return 1; } int kprobe__d_lookup(struct pt_regs *ctx, const struct dentry *parent, const struct qstr *name) { u32 tid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid(); struct entry_t entry = {}; const char *fname = name->name; if (fname) { bpf_probe_read_kernel(&entry.name, sizeof(entry.name), (void *)fname); } entrybypid.update(&tid, &entry); return 0; } int kretprobe__d_lookup(struct pt_regs *ctx) { u64 pid_tgid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid(); u32 pid = pid_tgid >> 32; u32 tid = (u32)pid_tgid; struct entry_t *ep; ep = entrybypid.lookup(&tid); if (ep == 0) { return 0; // missed entry } if (PT_REGS_RC(ctx) != 0) { entrybypid.delete(&tid); return 0; // lookup didn't fail } submit_event(ctx, (void *)ep->name, LOOKUP_MISS, pid); entrybypid.delete(&tid); return 0; } """ if args.ebpf: print(bpf_text) exit() # initialize BPF b = BPF(text=bpf_text) if args.all: b.attach_kprobe(event_re=r'^lookup_fast$|^lookup_fast.constprop.*.\d$', fn_name="trace_fast") mode_s = { 0: 'M', 1: 'R', } start_ts = time.time() def print_event(cpu, data, size): event = b["events"].event(data) print("%-11.6f %-7d %-16s %1s %s" % ( time.time() - start_ts, event.pid, event.comm.decode('utf-8', 'replace'), mode_s[event.type], event.filename.decode('utf-8', 'replace'))) # header print("%-11s %-7s %-16s %1s %s" % ("TIME(s)", "PID", "COMM", "T", "FILE")) b["events"].open_perf_buffer(print_event, page_cnt=64) while 1: try: b.perf_buffer_poll() except KeyboardInterrupt: exit()