Current File : //lib/python3/dist-packages/ufw/backend.py
'''backend.py: interface for ufw backends'''
#
# Copyright 2008-2023 Canonical Ltd.
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3,
# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
import errno
import os
import pwd
import re
import stat
import sys
import ufw.util
from ufw.util import error, warn, debug, _findpath
from ufw.common import UFWError, UFWRule
import ufw.applications
class UFWBackend:
'''Interface for backends'''
def __init__(self, name, dryrun, extra_files=None,
rootdir=None, datadir=None):
self.defaults = None
self.name = name
self.dryrun = dryrun
self.rules = []
self.rules6 = []
p = _findpath(ufw.common.config_dir, datadir)
self.files = {'defaults': os.path.join(p, 'default/ufw'),
'conf': os.path.join(p, 'ufw/ufw.conf'),
'apps': os.path.join(p, 'ufw/applications.d') }
if extra_files is not None:
self.files.update(extra_files)
self.loglevels = {'off': 0,
'low': 100,
'medium': 200,
'high': 300,
'full': 400 }
self.do_checks = ufw.common.do_checks
self._do_checks()
self._get_defaults()
self._read_rules()
self.profiles = ufw.applications.get_profiles(self.files['apps'])
self.iptables = os.path.join(ufw.common.iptables_dir, "iptables")
self.iptables_restore = os.path.join(ufw.common.iptables_dir, \
"iptables-restore")
self.ip6tables = os.path.join(ufw.common.iptables_dir, "ip6tables")
self.ip6tables_restore = os.path.join(ufw.common.iptables_dir, \
"ip6tables-restore")
try:
self.iptables_version = ufw.util.get_iptables_version(self.iptables)
except OSError: # pragma: no coverage
err_msg = _("Couldn't determine iptables version")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Initialize via initcaps only when we need it (LP: #1044361)
self.caps = None
def initcaps(self):
'''Initialize the capabilities database. This needs to be called
before accessing the database.'''
# Only initialize if not initialized already
if self.caps is not None:
return
self.caps = {}
self.caps['limit'] = {}
# Set defaults for dryrun, non-root, etc
self.caps['limit']['4'] = True
self.caps['limit']['6'] = False # historical default for the testsuite
# Try to get capabilities from the running system if root
if self.do_checks and os.getuid() == 0 and not self.dryrun: # pragma: no coverage
# v4
try:
nf_caps = ufw.util.get_netfilter_capabilities(self.iptables)
except OSError as e:
msg = "initcaps\n%s" % e
if self.is_enabled():
error(msg)
warn(msg)
return
if 'recent-set' in nf_caps and 'recent-update' in nf_caps:
self.caps['limit']['4'] = True
else:
self.caps['limit']['4'] = False
# v6 (skip capabilities check for ipv6 if ipv6 is disabled in ufw
# because the system may not have ipv6 support (LP: #1039729)
if self.use_ipv6():
try:
nf_caps = ufw.util.get_netfilter_capabilities(self.ip6tables)
except OSError as e:
error("initcaps\n%s" % e)
if 'recent-set' in nf_caps and 'recent-update' in nf_caps:
self.caps['limit']['6'] = True
else:
self.caps['limit']['6'] = False
def is_enabled(self):
'''Is firewall configured as enabled'''
if 'enabled' in self.defaults and \
self.defaults['enabled'] == 'yes':
return True
return False
def use_ipv6(self):
'''Is firewall configured to use IPv6'''
if 'ipv6' in self.defaults and \
self.defaults['ipv6'] == 'yes' and \
os.path.exists("/proc/sys/net/ipv6"):
return True
return False
def _get_default_policy(self, primary="input", check_forward=False):
'''Get default policy for specified primary chain'''
policy = "default_" + primary + "_policy"
rstr = ""
if self.defaults[policy] == "accept":
rstr = "allow"
elif self.defaults[policy] == "reject":
rstr = "reject"
else:
rstr = "deny"
if check_forward and primary == "forward":
enabled = False
err_msg = _("problem running sysctl")
(rc, out) = ufw.util.cmd(['sysctl', 'net.ipv4.ip_forward'])
if rc != 0: # pragma: no cover
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if '1' in out:
enabled = True
# IPv6 may be disabled, so ignore sysctl output
if self.use_ipv6():
(rc, out) = ufw.util.cmd(['sysctl', 'net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding'])
if rc == 0 and '1' in out:
enabled = True
(rc, out) = ufw.util.cmd(['sysctl', 'net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding'])
if rc == 0 and '1' in out:
enabled = True
if not enabled:
rstr = "disabled"
return rstr
# Don't do coverage on this cause we don't run the unit tests as root
def _do_checks(self): # pragma: no coverage
'''Perform basic security checks:
is setuid or setgid (for non-Linux systems)
checks that script is owned by root
checks that every component in absolute path are owned by root
warn if script is group writable
warn if part of script path is group writable
Doing this at the beginning causes a race condition with later
operations that don't do these checks. However, if the user running
this script is root, then need to be root to exploit the race
condition (and you are hosed anyway...)
'''
if not self.do_checks:
err_msg = _("Checks disabled")
warn(err_msg)
return True
# Not needed on Linux, but who knows the places we will go...
if os.getuid() != os.geteuid():
err_msg = _("ERROR: this script should not be SUID")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if os.getgid() != os.getegid():
err_msg = _("ERROR: this script should not be SGID")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
uid = os.getuid()
if uid != 0:
err_msg = _("You need to be root to run this script")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Use these so we only warn once
warned_world_write = {}
warned_group_write = {}
warned_owner = {}
profiles = []
if not os.path.isdir(self.files['apps']):
warn_msg = _("'%s' does not exist") % (self.files['apps'])
warn(warn_msg)
else:
pat = re.compile(r'^\.')
for profile in os.listdir(self.files['apps']):
if not pat.search(profile):
profiles.append(os.path.join(self.files['apps'], profile))
for path in list(self.files.values()) + \
[ os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]) ] + \
profiles:
if not path.startswith('/'):
path = "%s/%s" % (os.getcwd(), path)
while True:
debug("Checking " + path)
if path == self.files['apps'] and \
not os.path.isdir(self.files['apps']):
break
try:
statinfo = os.stat(path)
mode = statinfo[stat.ST_MODE]
except OSError:
err_msg = _("Couldn't stat '%s'") % (path)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
except Exception:
raise
# snaps and clicks unpack to this, so handle it
click_user = 'clickpkg'
snap_user = 'snappypkg'
is_unpack_user = False
try:
if pwd.getpwuid(statinfo.st_uid)[0] == click_user or \
pwd.getpwuid(statinfo.st_uid)[0] == snap_user:
is_unpack_user = True
except KeyError:
pass
if statinfo.st_uid != 0 and not is_unpack_user and \
path not in warned_owner:
warn_msg = _("uid is %(uid)s but '%(path)s' is owned by " \
"%(st_uid)s") % ({'uid': str(uid), \
'path': path, \
'st_uid': str(statinfo.st_uid)})
warn(warn_msg)
warned_owner[path] = True
if mode & stat.S_IWOTH and path not in warned_world_write:
warn_msg = _("%s is world writable!") % (path)
warn(warn_msg)
warned_world_write[path] = True
if mode & stat.S_IWGRP and path not in warned_group_write and \
statinfo.st_gid != 0:
warn_msg = _("%s is group writable!") % (path)
warn(warn_msg)
warned_group_write[path] = True
if path == "/":
break
last_path = path
path = os.path.dirname(path)
if not path:
raise OSError(errno.ENOENT, \
"Could not find parent for '%s'" % \
(last_path))
for f in self.files:
if f != 'apps' and not os.path.isfile(self.files[f]):
err_msg = _("'%(f)s' file '%(name)s' does not exist") % \
({'f': f, 'name': self.files[f]})
raise UFWError(err_msg)
def _get_defaults(self):
'''Get all settings from defaults file'''
self.defaults = {}
for f in [self.files['defaults'], self.files['conf']]:
try:
orig = ufw.util.open_file_read(f)
except Exception: # pragma: no coverage
err_msg = _("Couldn't open '%s' for reading") % (f)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
pat = re.compile(r'^\w+="?\w+"?')
for line in orig:
if pat.search(line):
tmp = re.split(r'=', line.strip())
self.defaults[tmp[0].lower()] = tmp[1].lower().strip('"\'')
orig.close()
# do some default policy sanity checking
policies = ['accept', 'drop', 'reject']
for c in [ 'input', 'output', 'forward' ]:
if 'default_%s_policy' % (c) not in self.defaults:
err_msg = _("Missing policy for '%s'" % (c))
raise UFWError(err_msg)
p = self.defaults['default_%s_policy' % (c)]
if p not in policies:
err_msg = _("Invalid policy '%(policy)s' for '%(chain)s'" % \
({'policy': p, 'chain': c}))
raise UFWError(err_msg)
def set_default(self, fn, opt, value):
'''Sets option in defaults file'''
if not re.match(r'^[\w_]+$', opt):
err_msg = _("Invalid option")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Perform this here so we can present a nice error to the user rather
# than a traceback
if not os.access(fn, os.W_OK):
err_msg = _("'%s' is not writable" % (fn))
raise UFWError(err_msg)
fns = ufw.util.open_files(fn)
fd = fns['tmp']
found = False
pat = re.compile(r'^' + opt + '=')
for line in fns['orig']:
if pat.search(line):
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, opt + "=" + value + "\n")
found = True
else:
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, line)
# Add the entry if not found
if not found:
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, opt + "=" + value + "\n")
try:
ufw.util.close_files(fns)
except Exception: # pragma: no coverage
raise
# Now that the files are written out, update value in memory
self.defaults[opt.lower()] = value.lower().strip('"\'')
def set_default_application_policy(self, policy):
'''Sets default application policy of firewall'''
if not self.dryrun:
if policy == "allow":
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_APPLICATION_POLICY", \
"\"ACCEPT\"")
elif policy == "deny":
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_APPLICATION_POLICY", \
"\"DROP\"")
elif policy == "reject":
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_APPLICATION_POLICY", \
"\"REJECT\"")
elif policy == "skip":
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_APPLICATION_POLICY", \
"\"SKIP\"")
else:
err_msg = _("Unsupported policy '%s'") % (policy)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
rstr = _("Default application policy changed to '%s'") % (policy)
return rstr
def get_app_rules_from_template(self, template):
'''Return a list of UFWRules based on the template rule'''
rules = []
profile_names = list(self.profiles.keys())
if template.dport in profile_names and template.sport in profile_names:
dports = ufw.applications.get_ports(self.profiles[template.dport])
sports = ufw.applications.get_ports(self.profiles[template.sport])
for i in dports:
tmp = template.dup_rule()
tmp.dapp = ""
tmp.set_port("any", "src")
(port, proto) = ufw.util.parse_port_proto(i)
tmp.set_protocol(proto)
tmp.set_port(port, "dst")
tmp.dapp = template.dapp
if template.dport == template.sport:
# Just use the same ports as dst for src when they are the
# same to avoid duplicate rules
tmp.sapp = ""
(port, proto) = ufw.util.parse_port_proto(i)
tmp.set_protocol(proto)
tmp.set_port(port, "src")
tmp.sapp = template.sapp
rules.append(tmp)
else:
for j in sports:
rule = tmp.dup_rule()
rule.sapp = ""
(port, proto) = ufw.util.parse_port_proto(j)
rule.set_protocol(proto)
rule.set_port(port, "src")
if rule.protocol == "any":
rule.set_protocol(tmp.protocol)
rule.sapp = template.sapp
rules.append(rule)
elif template.sport in profile_names:
for p in ufw.applications.get_ports(self.profiles[template.sport]):
rule = template.dup_rule()
rule.sapp = ""
(port, proto) = ufw.util.parse_port_proto(p)
rule.set_protocol(proto)
rule.set_port(port, "src")
rule.sapp = template.sapp
rules.append(rule)
elif template.dport in profile_names:
for p in ufw.applications.get_ports(self.profiles[template.dport]):
rule = template.dup_rule()
rule.dapp = ""
(port, proto) = ufw.util.parse_port_proto(p)
rule.set_protocol(proto)
rule.set_port(port, "dst")
rule.dapp = template.dapp
rules.append(rule)
if len(rules) < 1:
err_msg = _("No rules found for application profile")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
return rules
def update_app_rule(self, profile):
'''Update rule for profile in place. Returns result string and bool
on whether or not the profile is used in the current ruleset.
'''
updated_rules = []
updated_rules6 = []
last_tuple = ""
rstr = ""
updated_profile = False
# Remember, self.rules is from user[6].rules, and not the running
# firewall.
for r in self.rules + self.rules6:
if r.dapp == profile or r.sapp == profile:
# We assume that the rules are in app rule order. Specifically,
# if app rule has multiple rules, they are one after the other.
# If the rule ordering changes, the below will have to change.
tupl = r.get_app_tuple()
if tupl == last_tuple:
# Skip the rule if seen this tuple already (ie, it is part
# of a known tuple).
continue
else:
# Have a new tuple, so find and insert new app rules here
template = r.dup_rule()
template.set_protocol("any")
if template.dapp != "":
template.set_port(template.dapp, "dst")
if template.sapp != "":
template.set_port(template.sapp, "src")
new_app_rules = self.get_app_rules_from_template(\
template)
for new_r in new_app_rules:
new_r.normalize()
if new_r.v6:
updated_rules6.append(new_r)
else:
updated_rules.append(new_r)
last_tuple = tupl
updated_profile = True
else:
if r.v6:
updated_rules6.append(r)
else:
updated_rules.append(r)
if updated_profile:
self.rules = updated_rules
self.rules6 = updated_rules6
rstr += _("Rules updated for profile '%s'") % (profile)
try:
self._write_rules(False) # ipv4
self._write_rules(True) # ipv6
except Exception: # pragma: no coverage
err_msg = _("Couldn't update application rules")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
return (rstr, updated_profile)
def find_application_name(self, profile_name):
'''Find the application profile name for profile_name'''
if profile_name in self.profiles:
return profile_name
match = ""
matches = 0
for n in list(self.profiles.keys()):
if n.lower() == profile_name.lower():
match = n
matches += 1
debug_msg = "'%d' matches for '%s'" % (matches, profile_name)
debug(debug_msg)
if matches == 1:
return match
elif matches > 1:
err_msg = _("Found multiple matches for '%s'. Please use exact profile name") % \
(profile_name)
else:
err_msg = _("Could not find a profile matching '%s'") % \
(profile_name)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
def find_other_position(self, position, v6):
'''Return the absolute position in the other list of the rule with the
user position of the given list. For example, find_other_position(4,
True) will return the absolute position of the rule in the ipv4 list
matching the user specified '4' rule in the ipv6 list.
'''
# Invalid search (v6 rule with too low position)
if v6 and position > len(self.rules6):
raise ValueError()
# Invalid search (v4 rule with too high position)
if not v6 and position > len(self.rules):
raise ValueError()
if position < 1:
raise ValueError()
rules = []
if v6:
rules = self.rules6
else:
rules = self.rules
# self.rules[6] is a list of tuples. Some application rules have
# multiple tuples but the user specifies by ufw rule, not application
# tuple, so we need to find how many tuples there are leading up to
# the specified position, which we can then use as an offset for
# getting the proper match_rule.
app_rules = {}
tuple_offset = 0
for i, r in enumerate(rules):
if i >= position:
break
tupl = ""
if r.dapp != "" or r.sapp != "":
tupl = r.get_app_tuple()
if tupl in app_rules:
tuple_offset += 1
else:
app_rules[tupl] = True
rules = []
if v6:
rules = self.rules
match_rule = self.rules6[position - 1 + tuple_offset].dup_rule()
match_rule.set_v6(False)
else:
rules = self.rules6
match_rule = self.rules[position - 1 + tuple_offset].dup_rule()
match_rule.set_v6(True)
count = 1
for r in rules:
if UFWRule.match(r, match_rule) == 0:
return count
count += 1
return 0
def get_loglevel(self):
'''Gets current log level of firewall'''
level = 0
rstr = _("Logging: ")
if 'loglevel' not in self.defaults or \
self.defaults['loglevel'] not in list(self.loglevels.keys()):
level = -1
rstr += _("unknown")
else:
level = self.loglevels[self.defaults['loglevel']]
if level == 0:
rstr += "off"
else:
rstr += "on (%s)" % (self.defaults['loglevel'])
return (level, rstr)
def set_loglevel(self, level):
'''Sets log level of firewall'''
if level not in list(self.loglevels.keys()) + ['on']:
err_msg = _("Invalid log level '%s'") % (level)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
new_level = level
if level == "on":
if 'loglevel' not in self.defaults or \
self.defaults['loglevel'] == "off":
new_level = "low"
else:
new_level = self.defaults['loglevel']
self.set_default(self.files['conf'], "LOGLEVEL", new_level)
self.update_logging(new_level)
if new_level == "off":
return _("Logging disabled")
else:
return _("Logging enabled")
def get_rules(self):
'''Return list of all rules'''
return self.get_rules_ipv4() + self.get_rules_ipv6()
def get_rules_ipv4(self):
'''Return list of IPv4 rules'''
return self.rules
def get_rules_ipv6(self):
'''Return list of IPv6 rules'''
return self.rules6
def get_rules_count(self, v6):
'''Return number of ufw rules (not iptables rules)'''
rules = []
if v6:
rules = self.rules6
else:
rules = self.rules
count = 0
app_rules = {}
for r in rules:
tupl = ""
if r.dapp != "" or r.sapp != "":
tupl = r.get_app_tuple()
if tupl in app_rules:
debug("Skipping found tuple '%s'" % (tupl))
continue
else:
app_rules[tupl] = True
count += 1
return count
def get_rule_by_number(self, num):
'''Return rule specified by number seen via "status numbered"'''
rules = self.get_rules()
count = 1
app_rules = {}
for r in rules:
tupl = ""
if r.dapp != "" or r.sapp != "":
tupl = r.get_app_tuple()
if tupl in app_rules:
debug("Skipping found tuple '%s'" % (tupl))
continue
else:
app_rules[tupl] = True
if count == int(num):
return r
count += 1
return None
def get_matching(self, rule):
'''See if there is a matching rule in the existing ruleset. Note this
does not group rules by tuples.'''
matched = []
count = 0
for r in self.get_rules():
count += 1
ret = rule.fuzzy_dst_match(r)
if ret < 1:
matched.append(count)
return matched
# API overrides
def set_default_policy(self, policy, direction): # pragma: no coverage
'''Set default policy for specified direction'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.set_default_policy: need to override")
def get_running_raw(self, rules_type): # pragma: no coverage
'''Get status of running firewall'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.get_running_raw: need to override")
def get_status(self, verbose, show_count): # pragma: no coverage
'''Get managed rules'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.get_status: need to override")
def set_rule(self, rule, allow_reload): # pragma: no coverage
'''Update firewall with rule'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.set_rule: need to override")
def start_firewall(self): # pragma: no coverage
'''Start the firewall'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.start_firewall: need to override")
def stop_firewall(self): # pragma: no coverage
'''Stop the firewall'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.stop_firewall: need to override")
def get_app_rules_from_system(self, template, v6): # pragma: no coverage
'''Get a list if rules based on template'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.get_app_rules_from_system: need to " + \
"override")
def update_logging(self, level): # pragma: no coverage
'''Update loglevel of running firewall'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.update_logging: need to override")
def reset(self): # pragma: no coverage
'''Reset the firewall'''
raise UFWError("UFWBackend.reset: need to override")
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